创伤致家兔颞下颌关节滑膜和软骨超微结构的改变

Ultrastructure of the synovial membrane and the articular cartilage in the temporomandibular joint of the rabbits with occlusal trauma

目的研究创伤对家兔颞下颌关节滑膜和软骨的影响。方法采用实验性创伤动物模型，透射电镜下观察创伤后颞下颌关节滑膜和软骨的超微结构特征。结果髁突软骨表层结构破损，软骨层不同程度的软骨细胞变性、坏死。滑膜内膜层滑膜细胞变性，胞质内可见大量的空泡和近胞膜处的小泡，微丝增多、密集；细胞膜上可见微绒毛突起；内膜下层出现类“蚓状小体”结构；并首次描述了滑膜内膜层滑膜细胞之间的点粘连连接方式。结论创伤确实可以导致颞下颌关节的退行性改变。

Objective To study the effect of occlusal trauma on the ultra structure of rabbits′ temporomandibular joints (TMJ) synovial membrane and articular cartilage. Methods TMJs from six rabbits with occlusal trauma and three control rabbits were studied by transmission electron microscopy. Results Degenerative changes of TMJ tissues were found. The articular surface of the condyle was damaged, and the chondrocytes showed signs of degeneration. The synovial lining cell consisted of a number of vimentin intermediate filaments (IFs) which were especially prevalent in the processes as well as paranuclearly. Microvilli on the cell membrane were commonly seen. The vermiform body in the deeper interstitium was also found. Our finding of punctate adherens between synoviocytes was firstly reported in the study. Conclusion The occlusal trauma is really a factor inducing degenerative changes of the TMJ.