运营隧道渗漏水灾害分类和等级评定方法

Classification and grading assessment method of leakage disasters in running tunnel

通过对国内95条具有代表性的南、北方运营隧道渗漏水状况调查,和对影响隧道渗漏水病害的各类因素综合分析,选择了隧道的埋深、地下水水位与隧道底板的高差、隧道区的降雨量、隧道区的植被情况、三缝的施工、管道腐蚀与堵塞情况等16个子因素(其中4个定量因素、12个定性因素),从隧道施工因素,防排水工程措施、围岩及地下水因素、自然地理因素等四个方面建立了隧道渗漏水灾害的评价指标体系和层次分析模型。并按照衬砌漏水量大小及渗漏状态;渗漏部位以及渗漏形式;隧道灾害的严重程度分别对隧道渗漏水灾害进行分类,确定了16个子因素的五等级划分标准,并分别量化了定量和定性指标,建立了隶属函数,最后利用模糊综合评价方法对隧道渗漏水灾害等级进行评定,同时用VB编制了评价的可视化程序,为设计和施工单位预防隧道渗漏水灾害提供了理论依据。

Through the situation survey of 95 tunnels leakage in the South and the North of China, and synthetic analysis of all kinds of factors that impact tunnel leakage , this paper select 16 sub-factors, including burial depth of tunnel, the height difference between groundwater level and tunnel bottom floor, rainfall of tunnel area, vegetation of tunnel area, construction of three joints, pipeline erosion, choking ,and so on. This paper establishes the evaluating indicator system and hierarchy analytical model of tunnel leakage disasters from some aspects, that is, tunnel construction factor, the engineering measurements of prevent-drainage water, bedrock and groundwater factor, physical geography factor. Tunnel leakage disasters are classified according to different criteria, that is, lining leaking water amount and status of tunnel leakage, positions of leakage and forms of leakage, severity of tunnels＇disasters, ascertain five rank standards of sixteen sub-factors, foundation membership function of all quantitative indexes and quantify indexes, in the end, fuzzy comprehensive assessment is used to assess ranks of tunnel leakage disasters, at the same time , visualization procedure is established with VB, these could offer a theoretical basis for design and construction entities to prevent tunnel leakage disasters.