产业集聚水平测度方法的实证研究

An Empircal Study on the Industrial Agglomeration Level Measurement in China

产业集聚是各国经济发展过程中的必然产物。由于规模收益递增和正的外部经济效应,产业集聚往往导致制造工业进一步趋向集中,对区域产业布局与发展产生重要影响。本文利用产业空间集聚θ指数和行业集中度CRn指数,并结合区域产业专业化指标对中国部分制造产业2002-2006年集聚水平进行了测度。计算结果表明:中国制造产业的总体集聚程度正在不断提高,产业集聚和地方化呈现增长趋势;制造业专业化水平不断提高,经济发达和产业优势明显的地区专业化水平较高,经济薄弱的西北部地区专业化水平较低。该结果可以为评价和发展产业集群提供决策参考。

Industrial agglomeration is a natural result of a nation＇s economic development. Because of increasing scale benefits and positive effects of external economy, industrial clusters often lead manufacturing industry to further centralization and have important influence on regional industrial layout and development. The agglomeration level of some of China＇s manufacturing industry during 2002-2006 is measured by the θ index of industrial spatial agglomeration and CRn index of industrial concentration, together with regional industrial specialization index. The results indicate that the overall agglomeration level of China＇s manufacturing industry is increasing continuously and there is also an upward tendency of industrial agglomeration and localization. The specialization level of manufacturing industry is rising, and it is high in ecly developed regions and regions that are strong in manufacturing yet low in Northwestern regions, where the economy is underdeveloped. This study can serve as a reference for developing and evaluating industrial clusters.