湖南八角科植物的研究

Study on the family Illiciaceae in Hunan

湖南八角科植物有１０种１亚种，分布于４４个县，多生长于海拔６００～１６００ｍ的山地湿润常绿阔叶林中。本文依据湖南八角科植物的分类学研究，结合地理分布、植物区系、地理、气候和土壤资料，经分析和推论得知：（１）湖南八角科植物种质资源丰富，以中国特有成分为主，它们与毗邻省区的种类关系密切。（２）在湖南省内，大多数种类呈地理替代分布。（３）湖南八角科植物区系表现为多种区系成分的过度与汇集，即华中—华东—华南—滇黔桂四个区系成分的交汇、混杂和过度。（４）新生代的冰期和间冰期、湖南的地形和土壤、植物的遗传与变异和对环境的适应性选择是影响湖南八角科植物现代分布格局形成的原因。（５）湖南八角科植物的多数种类是从湖南西南以外地区迁移扩散而来，一些次生种类是在本省周边地区和周边省区分化形成。（６）湘西南地区是湖南八角科植物的现代分布中心、现代分化中心和现代原始类群的分布中心。

There are 10 species and 1 subspecies of the family llliciaceae in Hunan province. These plants distribute to 44 counties and mainly grow in wet evergreen broad-leaved forests at the mountains with an altitude from 600 to 1 600 metres. According to the evidence of systematics of the family, and combining with the material of geographical distribution, flora, geography, climatology and soil, it can be concluded as following: (1) The species of Illiciaceae are very rich in Hunan. Most of species are the endemic species to China, and closely related to the border regions of Guangxi, Guangdong, Jiangxi, Hubei, Sichuan and Guizhou. (2) Their distributions are mainly vicarious distributions. (3) Flora of Illiciaceae in Hunan is accompanied by transitional and convergent features of different floristic elements, especially among flora of East China, Central China, South China, and Yunnan, Guizhou and Guangxi. (4) The reasons why leaded to the pattern of modern distribution were caused by the comprehensive action of glacial epoch and interglacial stage in the Cenozoic Era, topography and soil in Hunan, heredity and variation of plands, and their adaptive selection to environment. (5) Many species of Illiciaceae in Hunan were from the regions on the southwest of Hunan, some secondary species were differentiated and formed in the border of Hunan and on the border regions around Hunan. (6) The centre of modern distribution and differentiation of Illiciaceae in Hunan is in the southwest of Hunan, this region is also the distribution centre of primitive species of Illiciaceae in Hunan.