棉花玉米复合种植系统种间适宜距离的研究

Study on Suitable Distane between Cotton and Corn in Intercropping System

应用生态场理论，对占据相似生态位的棉花玉米复合种植系统中的种间适宜距离进行了研究．结果表明：两作物距离由近及远条件下，透光率日变化呈“Ｓ”型趋势，而不同间距下土壤垂直剖面的含水量变化则呈倒“Ｖ”型趋势．相邻作物在生长发育及产量性状上均表现为个体生长优势与种间距离大小呈正相关．综合分析观测生态因子与作物的关系，提出本试验条件下棉花玉米间以７０～８０ｃｍ的种间距离较为适宜．

The suitable distance between cotton and corn was investigated according to the ecological field theory both of which have similar niches in the intercropping system. The result showed that when the distances between cotton and corn varied from 20 to 120 cm, the diurnal changes of light transmissivity in the crop system appeared in the shape of 'S' with different distances between the two crops, the change of soil moisture tended to be in the shape of inverted 'V', individual superior in developmental and yield characteristics appeared in the positive correlation with the distances between the two crops. Based on the integral effective curve of ecological field intensity in neighboring crops, the conclusion was that the suitable distance at the interval of cotton and corn ranged 70～80 cm.