乙二胺四乙酸合成双子型阳离子表面活性剂

Synthesis of Gemini Cationic Surfactant Derived

以乙二胺四乙酸、环氧氯丙烷和十二烷基-N,N-二甲基叔胺为原料合成双子(Gemini)型阳离子表面活性剂乙二胺四乙酸四酯季胺盐。研究了两种合成方法:一是乙二胺四乙酸先与环氧氯丙烷反应,生成的酯化产物再和十二烷基-N,N-二甲基叔胺反应生成产物乙二胺四乙酸四酯季胺盐;二是先将乙二胺四乙酸加入十二烷基-N,N-二甲基叔胺中,进行Lewis酸碱反应,乙二胺四乙酸负离子与产生的季铵盐结合为离子对,再加入环氧氯丙烷从而生成产物乙二胺四乙酸四酯季胺盐。研究了乙二胺四乙酸与环氧氯丙烷的摩尔比对合成过程及产物性能的影响,并测试了相关性能。产品显示了良好的发泡性和稳定性。

Ethylenediaminetetracetic-tetraester-quaternaryamine salt was prepared by reaction of ethylenediamine-tetracetic acid, epoxy chloropropane and dodecyl dimethyl amine. Two method of synthesis were studied：one is the pre-reaction of ethylenediamine-tetracetic acid with epoxy chloropropane, giving esterify product which reacted with dodecyl dimethyl amine, yielding ethylene diamine-tetracetic acid tetra-quaternary amine salts. The other method was to make use of reaction of lewis acid and alkali which ethylenediamine-tetracetic acid reacted with dodecyl dimethyl amine,. When the reaction happened to some extent, ethylenediamine-tetracetic acid anion and tetra-quaternary amine produced combined ion pair. Then epoxy chloropropane was added, giving ethylenediamine-tetracetic acid tetra-quaternary amine chloride. In addition, the effect of molar ratio of ethylenediamine-tetracetic acid and epoxy chloropropane on the reaction was studied. It was demonstrated that these surfactants have outstanding surface chemical properties and good foaming and stability.