电流变液研究新进展

Progress in Study of Electrorheological Fluids

电流变液是一种智能材料,其流变特性在电场作用下可以快速、连续地调节,因而具有广阔的工业应用前景。在简要介绍电流变液特性的基础上,着重介绍了近年来发明的一类新型电流变液"极性分子型电流变液"。该电流变液的屈服应力比传统电流变液大1个数量级以上,且屈服应力与外电场强度呈正比关系,而不是传统电流变液的二次方关系。这些现象都无法用传统的电流变液理论(介电极化理论)进行解释。介绍了一种新的电流变液理论模型。该模型指出了颗粒上吸附的极性分子是产生电流变液高屈服应力的主要原因,并能解释近年来出现的一系列高性能电流变液的机理。

Electrorheological fluid （ERF） is a type of smart material. They have received much attention due to their potential applications in many industrial areas. In this article, the characteristics of ERF are introduced briefly. Moreover, a new type of ERF named polar molecule dominated ERF is introduced emphatically. The yield stress of this new ERF, which is proportional to the electric field strength, is much higher than those of the traditional ones. Traditional theories can not give sound explanations proposed, which emphasizes that polar molecules or ER effect. for the characteristics of this new material. So a new theory is polar groups absorbed on powders play a leading role of the high