宁夏青少年体质指数与身体形态、机能和素质指标关系的研究

Study on the relationship between the body mass index and body appearance,function and diathesis indexes in Ningxia adolescents

目的分析宁夏青少年体质指数(BMI)与身体形态、机能和素质指标间的关系,为制订饮食健康策略及体质健康发展提供理论依据。方法采取分层随机整群抽样,测定12078名宁夏青少年的身高、体重及体质指数等人体测量指标,并调查体质指数正常、超重和肥胖人群的分布特征,分析体质指数与身体形态、机能及素质指标间的关系。结果宁夏青少年的体质指数存在性别、民族、地区差异(P<0.01),男生高于女生,汉族高于回族,城市高于农村。体重、胸围、皮脂厚度等形态指标随体质指数的增高而增大(P<0.01);血压、肺活量等机能指标随体质指数的增高而增高(P<0.01);耐力、立定跳远等素质指标随青少年体质指数的增高而降低(P<0.01)。结论不同体质指数对宁夏青少年身体形态、机能、素质等指标均有一定的影响。

Objective To investigate the relationship between the body mass index and function indexes, diathesis indexes in Ningxia adolescents, and to provide sciences theory support for strategy of food and drink and development of body function and diathesis in Ningxia adolescents. Methods The anthropometry indexes （body height, body weight and BMI and so on） by random layering and cluster sampling were measured, and the prevalence rate of normal, overweight and obesity among Ningxia adolescents students were investigated; we also compared their body height, sitting height, body weight, chest eircumferenee, skinfold thiekness, pulse, blood pressure, vital capacity, grip index, running 50m, standing long jump and so on funetion index and diathesis index for different sex, race and region, and analyzed effects on the body appearance, function indexes and diathesis indexes in different BMI. Results There was significant difference on BMI between the sex, race and region group （ P 〈 0.01 ）. BMI in boys was much higher than that in girls, BMI in Han nation was much higher than that in Hui nation, BMI in city was much higher than that in countryside. The indexes of weight, chest circumference, skinfold thickness and so on appearance index were increased with the increasing of the BMI （P 〈 0.01 ） ; vital capacity and blood pressure were increased with the increasing of the BMI （ P 〈 0. 01 ） ; Endurance and standing long jump were decreased with the increasing of the BMI （P 〈 0.01 ）. Conclusion There is significant relationship between the body mass index and function indexes, diathesis indexes in Ningxia adoleseents.