2003～2007年西南医院流感嗜血杆菌临床分布及药敏情况分析

Analysis of drug sensitivity and distribution of clinical haemophilus influenzae from 2003 to 2007

目的了解流感嗜血杆菌在本院临床各科室的药物敏感及分布情况,为医院感染的控制和抗生素的选择提供依据。方法收集本院2003～2007年所有301株流感嗜血杆菌临床分离株,采用含有高铁血红素、尼克酰胺和酵母浸液的HTM培养基5%CO2环境中培养,用"卫星现象"确定流感,用K-B法测量其药敏结果。结果301株标本中,痰液标本分泌出266株,占88.4%,药敏结果显示流感嗜血杆菌对亚胺培南的敏感率达100%,对头孢类抗生素的敏感率在88.3%以上,对氯霉素的敏感率为67.7%～80.6%,对氨苄西林的敏感率为55.6%～72.4%。分布情况:呼吸科26.9%,门诊部19.3%,老年科7.3%,感染科5.0%,肿瘤科4.3%,血液科3.0%。结论多在春冬季节发病,临床分离株主要以中、老年,免疫力低下的呼吸道疾病患者为主,且对碳青霉烯类抗生素及大多数第2、3代头孢菌素敏感。

Objective To investigate the drug sensitivity and distribution of clinical haemophilus influenzae （Hi） ,and to provide the reasonable experimental data for hospital acquired infection control and antibiotic selection. Methods During the periods of 2003 to 2007 ,we collecting and cultured the 301 isolations with HTM medium containing the hematin, niacin amide and yeast extract in 5% CO2 environment. Hi was confirmed by satellite phenomenon and the drug sensitivity was tested by the Kirby-Bauer method. Results In the 301 samples, 266 （88. 4%） samples were isolated from sputum and tat mucus. The result of the AST showed us that the sensitivity rate of imipenem was 100 % and more than 88.3 % of isolations were sensitive to cephalosporin class antibiotics, the chloramphenicol was 67.7 %- 80.6 %, the ampicillin was 55.6 %- 72.4%. The proportion of these strains from respiratory department was 26.9%, from outpatient department was 19.3%, from geriatrics department was 7.3%, from infectious disease department was 5.0 %, from oncology department was 4.3 %, from hematology department was 3.0%. Conclusion Hi usu-ally happens in spring-winter seasons and infects elder,low immunity people with respiratory diseases. It also has a lower resistance rate to carbapenem and 2nd,3rd generation cephalosporins.