新型活检穿刺针的特点及其临床应用

Clinical application and characteristics of a new of type biopsy needle

目的介绍一种新型同轴分体式切割活检穿刺针设计构想。方法介绍并比较现有切割活检穿刺针与新型同轴分体式切割活检穿刺针的结构及它们的优缺点,笔者应用18G×10cm外套针与20G×15cm同轴分体式活检切割针组装成新型同轴分体式切割活检穿刺针雏形,并对肺肿块病例进行穿刺活检。结果现有切割活检穿刺针多为一次穿刺,一次取材,为获得满意病理组织,常需多次穿刺。即使应用同轴技术,仍需用18G-16G套管针首先穿刺,建立20G或18G切割活检针的工作通道,均增加穿刺并发症。新型同轴分体式切割活检穿刺针具有一次进针多次、多点取材的优点,节省时间,减少患者痛苦;防止肿瘤沿针道转移;应用新型同轴分体式切割活检针的细针引导技术,降低气胸、咯血并发症;消除胸壁对活检切割针的弹射阻力。结论新型同轴分体式切割活检穿刺针对肺部肿块活检(尤其是深在的小病灶)有重要临床意义,提高阳性率及正确诊断率,降低了并发症,该型穿刺针技术简便易行,是一种安全、有效的诊断措施。

Objective To introduce a new type of same axle decomposable biopsy - needle design. Methods Introduced a new type of biopsy needle about its structure and characteristics of application, and maked comparison with current biopsy needle. Used 18G × 10cm trocar and 20G × 15cm the same axle decomposable dissection needle to assemble the new type biopsy needle and applied it into CT - guided pereutaneneous hmg - tumor puncture biopsy. Results Current biopsy needle is one puncture and one dissection, if wanted to get enough tissue, it must need more puncture. Though applied the same axle transfixion technique, we must firstly use thick trocer （18 - 16G） to establish dissection way of biopsy needle （20 -18G） , all of these increased complication. Application of CT - guided percutaneneous lung - tumor puncture biopsy , with thin needle guided and the same axle transfixion technique of the new type biopsy needle, could make multi - points and multi - times dissection by a success puncture, save time and relieve pain;avoid metastsis of malignant tumor through pin hole;reduced the produced rate of the complication; eliminated resistance of biopsy dissection needle. Conclusion The new type biopsy needle improve the positive rate and the accuracy rate ; reduce the produced rate of the complication. It is an easy, safe and efficacious diagnose measure.