我国企业不同生命周期阶段竞争力演化模式实证研究

The Empirical Research of the Evolution of Firm Competitiveness of China at Different Life Cycle Stages

本文通过问卷调查方式实证研究了企业竞争力在不同生命周期阶段的差异及其在资源、能力和动态机制三个方面的演化模式。研究表明,我国企业不同生命周期阶段企业竞争力存在显著的差异,随着企业从初创期到成熟期的成长,企业竞争力不断增强,但衰退期企业竞争力大幅减弱。各阶段企业竞争力的构成特点是:初创期企业资源比较缺乏,主要依靠能力进行竞争;成长期企业资源日渐丰富,在竞争力的构成要素中资源与能力并举;成熟期企业人、财、物等资源全面丰富,但能力的作用开始减退;衰退期企业资源开始耗竭,重新回到了依靠能力进行竞争的状态,但该阶段企业学习能力、创新能力和动态机制表现最差,这将影响企业的变革,并导致企业的死亡。

This paper investigates the firm competitiveness at difference stages of the life cycle and the evolution mode. The results are as followed： there is significant difference at different life cycle stages of firm competitiveness and the feature of competitiveness in China. That is to say, at the firm＇s born stage, the firm is lack of resources and its competition is mainly rely on the ability; in the firm＇s growth stage; the firm resources become richer and as important as firm＇s ability in the comprises of firm competence; in the maturity stage, the firm＇s resources become very rich, but the role of capability is beginning to decrease; at the firm＇s recession stage, the firm resource are beginning to be exhausted, and the firm＇s competitiveness returns to rely on caoability.