中国城市光化学烟雾污染研究

The Study of Urban Photochemical Smog Pollution in China

根据在兰州西固石油化工区、北京燕山石油化工区、北京地区和广州地区开展的光化学烟雾研究，讨论我国城市光化学烟雾的污染状况及其污染特征，探讨光化学烟雾的形成机制，并预测城市光化学烟雾的发展趋势。结果表明，上述地区存在严重的光化学烟雾污染，控制我国光化学烟雾污染的有效途径是降低ＮＯｘ排放；北京中关村大气Ｏ３最大小时浓度不仅逐年递增，而且出现Ｏ３最大值的时间也提前，说明大气光化学活性增强；随着机动车保有量的迅猛增加，一些大城市的大气污染已逐渐由煤烟型转向机动车尾气污染型，或成为具有二者综合的污染特征。

Based on the studies on photochemical smog in Xigu and Yanshan petroleum industrial areas,Beijing city and Guangzhou City,the current pollution level of photochemical smog and its characteristics in China are discussed,its formation mechanism is explored,and its changing tendency in near future is predicted.The results show that photochemical smog pollution is serious in above areas and the effective way to control the photochemical smog in China is to decrease NO x emission.The ozone peak appears not only earlier,but also is higher year by year at Zhongguancun,Beijing,which phenomenon indicates that the atmospheric photochemical activity is enhanced.As the fast increasing of the vehicle population,the air pollution in some big cities is in a transition from coal burning caused problem to automobile exhaust related pollution or the pollution combined them.