基于生态位理论的体育非物质文化遗产保护研究

The Safeguarding of the Intangible Sports Cultural Heritage Based on the Niche Theory

随着历史的变迁、社会的发展和人们生活方式的不断改变,我国古老而多样的体育非物质文化遗产正面临日益瓦解、消失的严峻考验。文章基于生态位理论的全新视野,审视了我国体育非物质文化遗产濒危的三大原因,即全球化造成其生态位压缩、现代化引起其主导生态因子发生变化、城市化导致其生态元离解;论述了保护体育非物质文化遗产的三大途径,即就地原生态保护途径、易地扩展生态位保护途径和建立体育非物质文化遗产资源库途径。

With the change of history and the development of society, the lifestyles of human being are changing. Our ancient and rich intangible sports cultural heritage is increasingly facing the rigorous test of collapse and even disappearance. Based on the new perspective of niche theory, three main reasons endangered the intangible sports cultural heritage were analyzed,i, e. the globalization caused its niche compression, modernization changed its leading ecological factors. urbanization lead to dissociation of its ecological unit. Three approaches to safeguard the intangible sports cultural heritage were proposed, that is, to protect its in situ original ecological habitats, to expand its ex-situ niche, and to establish banks of ;he intangible sports cultural heritage resources.