可可茶子叶培养中体细胞胚状体形成及植株再生

Somatic Embryogenesis and Plant Regeneration from Cotyledon Cultures of Camellia ptilophylla Chang

用含有０．５ｍｇＬ－１２，４－Ｄ或０．５ｍｇＬ－１２，４－Ｄ加２ｍｇＬ－１ＰＣＰＡ的ＳＨ培养基（含ρ（蔗糖）＝３％）培养可可茶的未成熟子叶，２周后即可从合子胚的下胚轴诱导出胚状体，５～７周后可以从子叶表皮直接诱导出胚状体．在含０．２ｍｇＬ－１２，４－Ｄ的培养基中，子叶外植体在培养４周内即能分化出胚状体且分化频率较高．培养１５周后把培养物转接至含２ｍｇＬ－１ＢＡ加上０．２ｍｇＬ－１ＩＢＡ的培养基中（含ρ（葡萄糖）＝２．５％）可以诱导出“种子状胚”、“芽状胚”和“杯状胚”，并可使“种子状胚”和“芽状胚”转化成苗．另外，还可诱导出丛芽并使丛芽转化成无根苗．若把“芽状胚”转移到含５ｍｇＬ－１ＧＡ－３和１ｍｇＬ－１ＩＡＡ的培养基中，“芽状胚”转化成无根苗的频率较高．

When immature cotyledons of C. ptilophylla were cultured on SH medium supplemented with 0 5mg·L -1 2,4 D or 0 5 mg·L -1 2,4 D and 2 mg·L -1 PCPA, somatic embryos could be induced from hypocotyls of zygotic embryos after two weeks of culture, and after 5￣7 weeks somatic embryos could be induced directly from the epidermis of cotyledons. Embryos could be induced after only 4 weeks of culture and the induced frequency was improved by reducing the content of 2,4 D to 0 2 mg·L -1 . If these cultures were transferred to SH medium supplemented with 2 mg·L -1 BA and 0 2 mg·L -1 IBA after 15 weeks, “seed like embryos”,“bud like embryos” and “cup shape embryos” were induced and plantlet could be regenerated from these somatic embryos in the medium. “Caespitose buds” could also be induced and developed into shoots in this medium. If “bud like embryos” were transferred to medium with 5 mg·L -1 GA 3 and 1 mg·L -1 IAA, they developed into shoots without root with higher frequency.