冰箱用动磁式直线压缩机的动态特性仿真

Simulation of dynamic characteristics of moving magnet linear compressor for refrigerator

设计开发了一种直线压缩机样机，为了研究其动态特性，为其建立了多物理场耦合的动力学模型．利用电磁场的三维有限元参数化分析，精确计算了在不同位置和电流下的电磁力和磁链．在有限元分析的基础上，利用四阶Runge-Kutta法和插值运算求解状态方程，对压缩机的工作过程进行仿真．以空气为压缩工质，在排气压力为5bar的负载状况下，测量样机在不同电压下的电流、功率、功率因数和流量等各项性能指标，得到比功率为7～9kW／（m^3／min），说明样机具有很好的节能性能．实验数据与仿真数据能够较好地吻合，说明动力学模型的建立是正确的，此仿真方法可用于直线压缩机的动态性能预测．

A prototype of linear compressor was developed and the coupled multi-physics fields dynamic model was established for studying the dynamic characteristic of the machine. The electromagnetic force and flux linkage was evaluated with different displacement and exciting current by the parametric threedimensional finite element analysis in electromagnetic field. The system state-equation group was resolved by 4-order Runge-Kutta method and interpolation method and the running process of linear compressor was simulated based on the finite element analysis. Some performance figures including current, power, power factor and capacity were tested with different voltages at the exhaust pressure of 5 bar with air as working fluid. Results show that the specific power is within 7-9 kW/（m^3/min）, witch means that the compres- sor has good performance in energy consumption. The simulation results accorded with the experimental results. The dynamic model is correct and the simulation is suited for predicting the dynamic behavior of linear compressor during the running period.