伏牛山北坡猪獾(Arctonyx collaris)夏季巢穴特征

Summer cave selection of Hog badger(Arctonyx collaris) on the north slope of Funiu Mountain

2005年7月和8月在伏牛山北坡调查猪獾巢穴共43个,对巢穴的海拔、植被类型、坡度、坡向、坡位、巢穴隐蔽程度、水源距离、干扰距离、郁闭度、洞口隐蔽程度、洞口数量、巢穴类型、乔木距离、灌木距离、灌木密度、倒木等16个指标进行评估。分析结果表明,伏牛山北坡猪獾夏季巢穴的选择特征是：（1）隐蔽因子,选择在巢穴和洞口的隐蔽程度、郁闭度均较高的阔叶林中;灌木密度高,乔木距离为75-150 cm。（2）地理因子,选择在海拔为900-1200 m的阳坡或半阳坡上,以1个洞口的石洞为主。（3）干扰因子,没有倒木,距离人类活动村落地点较近。（4）水源因子,水源距离在100 m以内。

Summer caves of Hog badger（Arctonyx collaris） were surveyed on the north slope of Funiu Mountain in July and August,2005.Sixteen environmental variables possibly pertaining to cave selection were measured,including altitude,vegetation type,slope,aspect,location,level of cave concealment,distance to water source,distance to disturbance,canopy cover,level of entrance concealment,number of entrances,cave type,average distance to trees,average distance to shrubs,shrub density,and tree falls.The results showed that summer caves of the Hog badger were located in broadleaf forests with high levels of canopy cover,shrub density and concealment,at an elevation of 9001200 m on sunny and semi-sunny slopes,and on average 75150 cm away from trees.Most caves were natural rock formations with only one entrance.The caves were usually close to human residences and less than 100 m from a water source.Tree falls were not favored by the Hog badger.