2Joshi G P. Intraoperative fluid restriction improves outcome after major elective gastrointestinal surgery. Anesth Analg, 2005, 101: 601-605.
3Holte K, Klarskov B, Christensen D S, et al. Liberal versus restrictive fluid administration to improve recovery after laparoscopie cholecystectomy: a randomized, double-blind study. AnnSurg, 2004, 240: 892-899.
4Grocott M P, Mythen M G, Gan T J. Perioperative fluid management and clinical outcomes in adults. Anesth Analg, 2005, 100: 1093-1106.
5Nisanevich V, Felsenstein I, Almogy G, et al. Effect of intraoperative fluid management on outcome after intraabdominal surgery. Anesthesiology, 2005, 103: 25-32.
6Moore F D. Metabolic of the surgical patient. Philadelphia: WB Saunders, 1959.
7Shires T, Williams J, Brown F. Acute change in extracellular fluids associated with major surgical procedures. Ann Surg, 1961, 154: 803-810.
8Blaloek A. A consideration of the present status of the shock problem: problems on shocks. Surgery, 1943, 14: 487-508.
9Hamilton-Davies C, Mythen M G, Salmon J B, et al. Comparison of commonly used clinical indicators of hypovolaemia with gastrointestinal tonometry. Intensive Care Med, 1997, 23.. 276-281.
10Gow K W, Phang P T, Tebbutt-Speirs S M, et al. Effect of crystalloid administration on oxygen extraction in endotoxemic pigs. J Appl Physiol, 1998, 85: 1667-1675.