黄顶菊化感物质释放途径的初步研究

Study on allelopathic substances releasing mode of Flaveria bidentis

采用室内生物测定法,以萝卜、小麦、玉米和棉花为受体,研究了黄顶菊对受体植物的化感作用,旨在了解黄顶菊化感物质的释放途径。结果显示:黄顶菊自然挥发物对受体植物不表现化感作用;黄顶菊淋溶物对棉花幼苗生长表现出明显的抑制作用,对棉花幼苗高度和根长的抑制率分别为6.29%和10.42%;黄顶菊枯落物浸提液和根系分泌物浸提液对4种受体植物均表现出不同程度的抑制作用,除了黄顶菊根系分泌物浸提液B3处理外,其它处理的综合效应均显著大于淋溶物处理,如黄顶菊枯落物浸提液(A1、A2、A3)、根系分泌物浸提液(B1、B2、B3)以及淋溶物等各处理对受体植物的综合效应分别为44.74、29.37、14.5、31.54、16.52、3.55、1.48。结果表明,黄顶菊主要通过植株残体和根系分泌向环境中释放化感物质,其次是通过雨雾的淋溶对受体植物产生化感作用。

In order to study the allelochemicals releasing mode of Flaveria bidentis （L.） Kuntze, F. bidentis donor plant and radish, wheat, corn, cotton as receptor plants allelopathy actions of F. bidentis were studied by adopting indoor bioassay. The results showed that the volatile matter of F. bidentis had not allelopathy to four receptor plants. The eluviated matter inhibited seedling growth of cotton obviously, the inhibition ratio of root and stem were 6.29 % and 10.42% respectively. The aqueous extract of litterfall and root exudates had different inhibition to four receptor plants. The synthesis effect（SE） of all treatments was significantly greater than eluviated matter treatment except for B3 of the aqueous extract of root exudates, such as the synthesis effect of all treatments （A1, A2, A3, B1, B2, B3 and eluviation） were 44.74, 29.37, 14.5, 31.54, 16.52, 3.55, 1.48 respectively. Results show that F. bidentis released allelochemicals to the environment mainly by litterfall and root exudates, secondly by eluviation.