铁路隧道建设与水环境关系分析

Analysis of the Relation between Railway Tunnel and Groundwater Environment

研究目的:隧道建设在我国正伴随着铁路事业迎来新的发展,但是长期以来隧道建设和自然环境之间始终存在着难以调和的矛盾。本文试图从隧道建设与地下水环境相互影响的正反两方面着手,分析地下水环境影响隧道施工与运营的成因,以及隧道建设对地下水环境与隧址区生态环境影响的成因,为隧道工程建设提供相关的参考。研究结论:隧道建设与生态环境是相互影响制约的矛盾体。隧道建设过程中,当隧址区岩溶暗河发育、地下水力联系紧密时,隧道开挖应力场与渗流场耦合作用强烈使得围岩出现过大塑性变形,容易发生突水、突泥等生产安全事故。隧道建成后长期疏干地下水,改变了应力场与渗流场的原有平衡,使得地表水枯竭,引起地面沉降,造成生态环境的恶化。

Research purposes： The tunnel construction in China encounters a new development period with the development of railways, but for a long time, there is an irreconcilable contradictions between tunnels construction and the natural environment. Form both positive and negative aspects of the interaction between the groundwater and the tunnel construction, this paper analyzes the reasons for how the groundwater affects the tunnel construction and how the tunnel construction affects the groundwater environment and the ecological environment of the place where tunnel is build for the purpose of providing the relevant reference to the tunnel constructions. Research conclusions： The tunnel construction and natural environment can be considered as a contradicting and affecting each other. When the tunnel construction affects the karst development and the groundwater seriously, the coupling effect of the stress field and seepage field will cause the large plastic deformation of wall rock, resulting in the water bursting and mud bursting. After completion of tunnel construction, the long - term drainage of groundwater will change the original balance between the stress field and the seepage field, resulting in the surface water drying up, the surface subsiding and worsening the ecological environment.