清真寺建筑形制中的功能性因素探究

The Correlation Between Architectural Characteristics of the Mosque and Its Social Function

清真寺建筑作为与伊斯兰教密不可分的宗教建筑,与其他宗教建筑相比,具有独特的建筑形制(规划布局、朝向、建筑体型与轮廓、内部结构、建筑用材、艺术表现和附属建筑等方面)。本文从清真寺建筑形制入手,剖析了清真寺与其他宗教建筑的不同特性,阐述清真寺的社会功能与其建筑形制的相关性,并就有关的功能性因素作探究,以此来透视伊斯兰教作为世界性宗教的基本特性。

The mosque building is a wonderful work on the architectural history in the Arab-Islam world. Compared with other religious buildings, the building has its own unique shapes and characteristics. This article first depicts mosque＇s history and architectural characteristics （planning, direction, building size and contour, internal structure, material, art performance and construction subsidiary, etc.）. Then it analyzes the differences between mosque and other religious buildings on characteristics. On this basis, under architectural characteristics of the mosque, it analyzes the pertinence between its social function and architectural characteristics.