海湾地区“什叶派新月带”兴起的宗教政治影响

The Religious and Political Influence of the Rising "Shiite Crescent" in the Gulf Region

伊拉克战争推翻萨达姆政权造成的一个最重要结果就是,解除了伊拉克对伊朗什叶派神权政府的多年遏制,还使得伊拉克什叶派在战后政治重建中逐步占据了政治主导地位。随着伊朗什叶派政权和伊拉克什叶派势力的联系日益加强,他们已在海湾地区形成了一股强大的什叶派宗教政治势力。在其影响下,周边其他逊尼派国家内部的什叶派民众纷纷要求扩大政治权力,逊尼派君主制国家政府也感到了什叶派神权思想反对君主制度的严峻压力。目前,正在日益兴起并标志着伊朗伊斯兰革命第二阶段的"什叶派新月带",已经改变了海湾地区什叶派长期遭受逊尼派压制的传统局面,并直接关系到拥有世界最大石油资源的海湾地区的安全秩序和政治前景。

As the most important result, the overthrow of the Saddam regime in the Iraq War has not only released the Iranian theocrat regime from the containment of the Iraqi Sunni government, but also led to the Iraqi Shiites to win the dominant political position in the post-war political reconstruction. With the connection between Iranian and Iraqi Shiites strengthened, a strong Shiite religious and political force is appearing in the Persian Gulf region. Under the influence of this force, the Shiite people in the surrounding Sunni nations also begin to require for more political right, and the monarchy nations in this region are feeling the serious pressure from the Shiite theocrat thought that publicly oppose the monarchy system. Recently, the formation of the ＂Shiite Crescent＂ representing the second period of the Iranian Islamic revolution has broken the traditional power relations between Sunny and Shiite and is directly affecting the security order and political perspective in the Persian Gulf region, the area possesses the richest oil resource in the world.