3年综合性医院医院感染分析

Nosocomial Infection in Our Hospital over a 3-Year Period:Investigation and Analysis

目的分析3年医院感染情况,为医院管理工作提供资料与依据。方法对医院2004-2006年住院患者发生医院感染的部位、原因、细菌培养结果进行回顾性调查分析。结果3年内有44 759例住院患者,发生医院感染1653例,感染率3.69%,感染例次1815例,例次感染率4.06%;感染部位以下呼吸道为主,占45.12%,其次为上呼吸道和泌尿道,分别占19.12%和13.77%;病原菌以革兰阴性杆菌为主,常见的有肺炎克雷伯菌(13.01%)、大肠埃希菌(11.53%)、铜绿假单胞菌(10.39%)、鲍氏不动杆菌(9.13%),革兰阳性球菌中金黄色葡萄球菌占5.02%,表皮葡萄球菌占3.42%,真菌以白色假丝酵母菌为主占21.80%,感染科室以重症监护病房最高,3年均>20.00%。结论切实做好医院感染控制工作,加强环境质量的控制,加强感染病原菌的分析鉴定及对抗菌药物的耐药动态监测、加强医务人员宣传教育,是预防医院感染的关键。

OBJECTIVE To analyze the incidence and related factors of the nosocomial infection in our hospital during a 3-year period. METHODS By using the retrospective method, all inpatient cases in our hospital from 2004 through 2006 were surveyed and analyzed. RESULTS Totally 44 759 inpatient cases were involved in the period, and 1653 cases with nosocomial infection occurred. The infection rate was 3.69%. The major sites of the infection were lower respiratory tract （45.12 % ）, upper respiratory tract （19.12 % ） and urinary tract （ 13.77 % ）. The most common pathogens were Klebsiellapneumonial （13.01%）, Escherichia coli （11.53%）, Pseudomonasaeruginosa （10. 39%）, and Acinetobacter baumannii （9. 13%） in Gram-negative bacteria, and Staphylococcus aureus （5.02%） and S. epidermidis （3.42%） in Gram-positives. Candida albicans（21.8%） was the major isolate in Fungi. The infection rate in ICU was 20% higher than in other departments per year during 3 years. CONCLUSIONS Strengthening the medical knowledge of about nosocomial infection among employees, improving the environment quality of hospital, identifying pathogens correctly and surveying the resistance of antibiotic agents should he noted to control nosocomial infection.