空间站材料科学加工试验炉的选择

Select for Material Science Processing Experiment Furnaces on Space Station

对国际空间站上各国准备选用的材料科学试验加工炉进行了介绍.主要呈现以下特点:高度集成化的材料制备、测试、分析和处理等综合实验能力;更高的精度、稳定性以及更长的使用寿命;模块化、标准化和组合式;应用遥科学实验技术.从1998年开始,为适应未来中国空间站试验的需求,发展了几类遥科学的空间加工炉及在长时间无人条件下由机器人照料的任意次更换样品的遥操作原型炉.提出在中国载人航天工程第三步,即空间站阶段的前期关键技术预研中,设计和研发功能专业化,结构模块化和接口标准化的典型功能实验单元,通过技术集成可以在短时间内高效可靠地完成空间实验设备的配置、集成化和空间应用.

It is summarized in the paper that material science processing experiment furnaces on Internationl Space Station （ISS） prepared by some country. Some features are presented as follows： highly integrated synthesis experiment ability such as preparing materials, measuring, analyzing and managing, higher precision, stability and long lifetime; modularization, standardization and assembled, applying telescience experiment technology. Since 1998, to meet the requirement for China space station in the future, a few kinds of telescience processing furnaces in space and teleoperation prototype furnaces have being developed, which can be used during unmanned long flight and with robotic sample replacement. Proposal is given for design and development aiming at that the function is specialized, the structure is modularized and the interface is standardized. It is also proposed that the future furnace should be able for quick reconfiguration through technical integration.