不同人参、西洋参和三七产品中人参皂苷和丙二酰人参皂苷的含量测定

Determination of individual ginsenoside and malonyl-ginsenoside in different commercial ginseng products

建立不同人参、西洋参和三七产品中人参皂苷和丙二酰基人参皂苷的高效液相色谱测定方法,为其质量评价提供实验方法和数据。方法:色谱条件:色谱柱为ProsphereC18300Acolumn(250mm×4.6mm,5μm)和ProsphereC18保护柱;流动相为乙腈-磷酸盐缓冲液梯度洗脱,流速1mL/min;A为乙腈,B为磷酸盐缓冲液(3.50gKH2PO4溶于2500mL水中,用35gK2HPO4溶于100mL水中调pH5.81);梯度洗脱程序为:0～50min,20%～33%A;50～54min,33%～100%A;54～66min,100%A;66～67min,100%～20%A;67～80min,20%A;检测波长为203nm。结果:中国人参茶中人参皂苷的含量高于韩国人参茶。3种人参提取物包括一种韩国产的和两个中国产的都未检测到人参皂苷。韩国红参根人参皂苷的含量与中国红参根相近;在8个西洋参样品中,须根样品中人参皂苷的含量高于主根,但主根之间含量无差别,与主根的粗细也无关系;三七花中人参皂苷种类与其主根中的不同,三七主根中为人参皂苷Rb1、Rg1和Rd,而三七花中为Rb1、Rb2、Rc和Rd;人参化妆品中总人参皂苷的含量较低(<0.5%),均低于其他人参产品。各种人参产品中丙二酰基人参皂苷的含量均低于人参皂苷,且多数产品中不含丙二酰基人参皂苷。结论:高效液相色谱法分离、分析人参皂苷和丙二酰基人参皂苷效果好、准确、快速、简便,可作为评价人参属植物及其产品质量的有效分析方法。

a HPLC method for determining the contents of individual ginsenoside and malonyl-ginsenoside in different commercial ginseng products was established, to provide data for the quality evaluation. Method： The ginseng extract solution was separated and analyzed（20 μL aliquots） by using a Prosphere C18 300 A column（250 mm×4.6 mm, 5 μm） with a Prosphere C18 guard column. The mobile phase consisted of solvent A（acetonitrile） and solvent B（phosphate buffer solution）. Solvent B was prepared by dissolving 3.50 g KH2PO4 in 2500 mL water and adjusting the pH to 5.81 with a concentrated solution of K2HPO4（35 g/100 mL）. For the simultaneous separation of neutral ginsenosides and malonly-ginsenosides, the following gradient procedure was used： 0-50 min, 20%-33% A; 50-54 min, 33%-100% A; 54-66 min, 100% A; 66-67 min, 100%-20% A; 67-80 min, 20% A. The flow rate was kept constant at 1.0 mlEmin. The absorbance was measured at a wavelength of 203 nm. Results： ginsenoside content in Chinese ginseng tea is higher than that in Korea ginseng tea. Three ginseng extracts do not contain any ginsenoside, the Korea product, and the two other Chinese products. It showed a range of ginsenoside content in Korea red ginseng, which is very near to that in Chinese red ginseng. Among the 8 American ginseng samples, ginsenoside content in root hair is higher than those in main roots; however no direct relationship between ginsenoside content in roots and size of roots can be found. Ginsenoside profile in san qi flower is different from that in main root. The main ginsenoside in San Qi main root are Rb1, Rg1 and Rd while those in San qi flower are Rb1, Rb2, Rc and Rd. Ginseng cosmetics contain less ginsenosides（〈 0.5%）, which was lower than those in other ginseng products, and no ginsenoside Re and Rg~ are detected in them. Conclusions： ginsenoside and malonyl-ginsenoside were separ-ated well under this HPLC condition, which was rapid, precise and convenient. It could also be a good method for evaluating the quality of ginseng and its products.