时距知觉中的情绪效应

Emotion Effects on Interval Timing

情绪极易影响时距知觉,致使主观时距偏离客观时距。新近研究者们结合日趋成熟的标量计时模型及神经学相关依据,并通过采用标准化情绪诱发材料的实验研究,较为系统地解释了情绪的生理唤醒和注意唤醒两种成分各自对内部计时机制造成的干扰效应。研究发现,两种效应中前者会加长主观时距而后者会使其缩短,且分别有不同的发生特点。该文在介绍国内外关于时距知觉中的情绪效应的新近研究基础上,提出应从探索两种效应的分离方法、考虑记忆效应因素以及增加实验自变量的数目和取值水平三个方面来开展进一步的研究。

Interval timing perception is vulnerable to emotion, which can result in the deviation of perceived duration from actual. Recently, based on maturing scalar timing model and related neurological evidence, also the use of standardized emotion-induced materials, researchers provide a better understanding in two arousal effects of emotion： of physiology and of attention, both of which affect the processing of duration. According to the research, the former effect may increase perceived duration while the latter may decrease it, with different characteristics respectively in the process. This article gives a survey to the latest researches on emotional effects in timing perception. And three supplements, namely, seeking methods to distinguish the two effects, taking the memorial factors into account and increasing variable level and number during the research, are proposed to support further study.