陶瓷及其复合物的塑性变形机理及特征

PLASTIC DEFORMATION MECHANISMS AND DEFORMATION BEHAVIORS OF CERAMICS AND THEIR COMPOSITES

介绍了陶瓷材料及其复合物的各种塑性变形机理、变形特征以及有关蠕变方程。在晶界蠕变机理中，晶粒尺寸指数ｐ≥１，应力指数ｎ往往为１～３；晶粒形状、晶界的改变、空位、空洞等的存在是其显微结构变化的重要特征。在晶格蠕变机理中，晶粒尺寸指数ｐ＝０，应力指数ｎ值为３５；大量位错线的存在是其显微结构变化的主要特征。介绍了研究塑性变形机理的方法。

Several plastic deformation mechanisms, deformation behaviors and related rate equations of ceramics and their composites are reviewed. For the boundary machanisms, the inverse grain size exponent p ≥1, the stress exponent is usually between 1 and 3. The changes of the grain shape and grain boundary, the existence of the vacancy, cavitation are the important characteristics in the changes of the microstructures. For the lattice mechanisms, the inverse grain size exponent p =0, the stress exponent is often between 3 and 5. The existence of extensive dislocation is an important characteristic in the changes of the microstructures. Methods to identify deformation mechanism are also introduced.