浙江省血吸虫病疫情监测10年分析

The Analysis on the Epidemic Surveillance of Schistosomiasis for Ten Years in Zhejiang Province

目的分析1996-2005年浙江省血吸虫病疫情监测情况，为制定防治对策提供科学依据。方法采用5米系统抽样结合环境抽查方法查螺，压碎法检查钉螺感染情况，以土埋为主结合药物的方法灭螺；血清学方法结合尼龙绢袋集卵孵化法对居民、流动人群及家畜进行查病，血清学阳性人（畜）用吡喹酮治疗。建立血吸虫病防治年报表，并进行数据汇总分析。结果10年全省累计查出有螺乡891个，有螺村2903个，螺点13273个，有螺面积711．18hm^2，灭螺面积662．24hm^2；累计解剖钉螺62．34万只，未查获阳性钉螺；累计血清学查病179．16万人，查出阳性者4．99万人，阳性率为2．78％。粪检3．52万人，未查出内源性血吸虫病人，但发现输入性血吸虫病人85例。耕牛查病6．70万头，均为阴性。结论浙江省血吸虫病疫情稳定，但流行条件仍然存在。今后要坚持查灭钉螺和防控传染源为主的综合性防治策略。

Objective To analyse the surveillance of schistosomiasis in Zhejiang province from 1996 to 2005, to provide the scientific strategy for schistosomiasis control. Methods Five meter synchronously systematic and environmental samplings were used for snail survey.Snails were dissected to determine the infection status and earth-covered combined drug method was used for snail elimination. Serological methods combined miracidium hatching method were used for examining residents, floating population and domestic animals. Positive cases were treated by praziquantel. Establishing annual report forms for analysis. Results The results showed that the snails were found on 13273 spot in 2903 villages of 891 towns with area of 7111800m^2 in Zhejiang province from 1996 to 2005. Snails were eliminated in 6622400m^2 area. No infected snail was found among 623400 living snails. There were 49900 positive cases in 1791600 population which were examined by serological methods and the positive rate was 2.78%. 35200 population were examined by feces examination and no autochthonic positive cases but 85 imported positive cases were found. No positive case was found in 67000 farm cattle. Conclusion It is concluded that schistosomiasis status was table in Zhejiang province.However, the prevalence factor for reemerging of schistosomiasis was still in existence. Comprehensive strategy including emphasizing on snail and import source of schistosomiasis control would be persevered for the future.