膏桐(Jatropha curcas)生物学研究进展

BIOLOGICAL RESEARCH ADVANCE OF JATROPHA CURCAS

膏桐(Jatropha curcas)属大戟科麻疯树属多年生耐旱灌木或小乔木。因其生物柴油用途和生态发展潜力,受到世界各国政府及科学家的高度关注,其研究成为热点。膏桐理化性质、药用价值、致毒机理方面的研究较为完善,而膏桐生物学特别是其生态学研究滞后且较少,对膏桐生态特性开展深入而全面的研究具有重要的科学和现实意义。综述了膏桐生物学领域的研究进展及成果,归纳了膏桐生物学研究中亟待解决的问题:膏桐种子生物学,自然群落膏桐种群建立、更新策略;论述了膏桐对生物多样性、群落稳定性、水土保持、物质循环以及化感作用潜在的影响;并在现有研究和相关理论的基础上展望了今后膏桐相关研究的发展方向:种间杂交、植被恢复、分布预测。

Jatropha curcas, a drought resistant, perennial shrub or small tree belongs to Euphorbiaceae family,Jatropha genus. As a bio-diesel substitute and for its ecological potential,J, curcas has gained much attention from many countries and scientists and now becomes the hotspot of scientific research. A lot of work has been done focusing on its physi-chemical feature, medicinal value and toxicological mechanism, meanwhile the biological research especially for its ecological research is laggard and exiguous. It has tremendous scientific and practical significance by doing extensive and comprehensive ecological character research of J. curcas. This paper mainly summarized the biological research advances of J. curcas and the problems of its biological research,which can be concluded as followings： seeds biology, population establishment and regeneration strategy of J. curcas in natural community. The potential influence on biodiversity, community stability, water and soil conservation,material circulation and allelopathy also has been concluded. Finally,base on the existing research and relative theory,the correlative research of J. curcas has been prospected： interspecific hybridization,vegetation restoration and distribution forecast.