中国铁路亟需构建公共投资制度

China railway desiderates constructing public investment system

近年来,中国铁路基础设施得到了长足发展,路网规模、路网结构、技术等级等都有了较大程度的提升。在基础设施建设的强力推动下,相关铁路机车车辆技术装备水平、信息化、运营管理体制得到明显改善,铁路技术创新能力也得到一定程度的孵化和培育。建立完善公共投资制度对铁路基础设施建设良性运转具有重要意义。在目前公共投资制度相对缺位的情况下,我国铁路运输系统发展出了一系列替代机制,以"部省协议"为代表的合资铁路机制、以大秦铁路为代表的上市融资机制、以"政企合一"为代表的内源性融资机制等,都是带有公共投资制度特征的制度安排。

Recently, China railway infrastructure has a well development; not only railway network scale, railway but also network structure and technique etc. are improved obviously. Promoting on the infrastructure construction, significant improvements show on related railway locomotive vehicle technical equipment level, informatization and operation management system. Railway technique innovation improves dramatically. Setting up perfectly public investment system is significant to speed up favorable operation of railway infrastructure. In the current system, the relative lack of public investment, China＇s railway transportation system develops a series of replaced mechanism of public investment system, such as agreement between ministry and province, listing financing mechanism on behalf of Daqin railway and endogenous financing mechanism on behalf of unification of political government and enterprise and so on are all accompanied with public investment system characteristic system arrangement.