不同前茬对设施黄瓜产量和品质及土壤酶活性的影响

Effect of different proceding crops on yield,quality of cucumber and soil enzyme activity in solar greenhouse

试验研究了在延安日光温室不同前茬作物条件下,黄瓜随着生长季节的变化其产量和品质及土壤呼吸和酶活性的动态变化。结果表明,前茬为豇豆的黄瓜产量和土壤碱性磷酸酶活性较高,前茬为番茄的黄瓜可溶性糖含量和土壤呼吸强度较高,前茬为四季豆的黄瓜维生素C含量较高,前茬为翻青玉米的黄瓜硝酸盐含量和土壤脲酶活性较高,前茬为翻青黑豆的土壤蔗糖酶活性较高。从提高黄瓜产量的角度出发,豇豆-黄瓜是最佳模式,而从改善黄瓜品质的角度出发,番茄-黄瓜和四季豆-黄瓜是最优模式。

Dynamic changes in cucumber yield, quality, soil respiration and enzyme activity were studied under different proceding crops in different growing seasons in Yan＇an solar greenhouse. The results show that cucumber yield and soil alkaline phosphatase activity are high under cowpea-cucumber rotation. Soil respiration and cucumber soluble sugar content significantly increase under tomato-cucumber rotation. Vc content of cucumber improves significantly under kidney bean-cucumber rotation. Soil urease activity and nitrate content of cucumber also increase under maize-green manure-cucumber rotation. And sucrase activity in the soil is highest under black bean-green manure-cucumber rotation system. For high cucumber yield, cowpea-cucumber rotation system is the most suitable model. However, tomato-cucumber and kidney bean-cucumber rotation systems are the most suitable models for improving cucumber quality.