我国民族自治地方刑法变通的反思与重构

Reflection and Re-Construction of the Accommodation of Criminal Law of Chinese Autonomous Ethnic Regions

刑法变通实质上是民族自治地方在犯罪与刑罚方面所享有的立法自治权。由于认识的局限及历史的惯性,相关法律的冲突和实际操作的难度,国家制定法预设的刑法变通的空间至今尚未得到有效利用,浪费了极其稀缺的立法资源。基层刑事司法实践中以刑事政策和习惯法为依据所采取的变通做法并不能完全弥补刑法变通缺位的不足。对与刑法变通相关的条款进行重新规范和设计,能够解决现行条款在逻辑上的冲突和实际操作的困难;准确理解和运用刑事政策,释放现有法律的空间,可以在刑法变通缺失的情形下,充分发挥刑法变通应有的机能。

Basically,the accommodation of the criminal law of the autonomous region is a autonomous legislation rights concerning criminal and punishment.The accommodation of criminal law set by the state law has not been used effectively because of the less understanding to the problem and the historic inertia,as well as the conflict of the related laws and difficulty of practice.It is a waster of the scarce resource.The accommodation in the judicial practice,according to the policies concerning criminal law and common law,could not fully make up the deficiency of accommodation of criminal law.It can resolve the conflicts of current laws and the difficulty in practice through re-regulating and re-setting relevant items of the law.Understanding and using correctly the policies concerning the criminal law could fulfill some function of the accommodation of criminal law.