搅拌摩擦焊应力变形有限元模拟的研究进展

Research progress of finite element analysis on residual stress and distortion of friction stir welding

搅拌摩擦焊因其独有的特点而被广泛应用于铝合金的焊接,虽然焊后残余应力和变形比普通熔化焊小,但它同样是一个不均匀的热过程,焊后残余应力和变形不可避免,而且部分试验已经显示出其残余应力和变形对结构尺寸精度和使用性能有显著影响,因此针对搅拌摩擦焊残余应力和变形的研究有重要的现实意义。除了实际的焊接和测量试验外,数值模拟技术是目前研究搅拌摩擦焊残余应力和变形的重要手段,也取得了很多可喜的研究结果。文中从焊接热载荷、搅拌头力作用、母材性能参数和卡具作用等方面较为详尽地总结了搅拌摩擦焊残余应力和变形数值模拟的研究进展和未来发展方向。

Friction stir welding(FSW) has been widely used in welding of aluminum alloy because of its unique characteristics.Although the residual stress and deformation following FSW are smaller than that of traditional fusion welding,they are unavoidable since FSW is still an uneven thermal process.Some experimental results has shown that the residual stress and deformation of FSW had a significant effect on structure dimension accuracy and service performance,so it will have important practical significance to study on them.Currently,the numerical simulation technology is an important means in study of friction stir welding residual stress and deformation.This article particularly summarize the research progress and the future development direction of numerical simulation on friction stir welding residual stress and deformation from welding heat load,stir tool mechanical loads,base metal properties,welding clamps effect and others perspectives.