促红细胞生成素及其衍生物的神经保护作用

Neuroprotective effect of erythropoietin and its derivates

促红细胞生成素(erythropoietin,EPO)是促进骨髓红系祖细胞增殖和分化的主要刺激因子,安全治疗肾性贫血已有20a的历史。近年来,有研究表明在人和动物的神经系统EPO不仅是一个新的神经递质,而且是一个新的有发展前景的神经保护剂。这种由其受体(EPO-R)介导的神经保护作用已在多发性硬化,急性视网膜缺血再灌注,急性视神经损伤,慢性高眼压等大量的动物模型的体内外实验中得到证实。但其机制及相关的信号转导途径还有待于深入研究,其衍生物的发现也为临床新药物的开发提供了新的方向。

Erythropoietin （EPO） has been known as a hemato- poietic cytokine to stimulate proliferation and differentiation of erythroid progenitor cells and is established as a treatment for anemia in renal failure for nearly 20 years. More recently, it is believed that EPO is not only a new neurotransmitter, but also a novel prospective neuropro- tector in neuron system of human and animals. The neuroprotective effect mediated by its receptor （EPO-R） has been proved in large quantity of animal models in vivo or in vitro such as model of multiple sclerosis, acute ischemia-reperfusion injury of retina, acute axotomy injury, chronic ocular hypertension, etc. But the mechanisms and related signaling pathways are still under further research. The detection of derivates of EPO provide a new direction for clinical drugs.