高速公路入口匝道控制算法综述

An Overview of Freeway On-ramp Control Algorithms

入口匝道控制是缓解高速公路交通拥挤最有效的方法之一。首先阐述了高速公路入口匝道控制的基本原理和作用,依据控制范围将匝道控制分为单点控制与协调控制,依据对实时信息响应的不同将其划分为动态控制和静态控制;然后,对应用上最流行和理论上具有吸引力的几种典型入口匝道比如单点型匝道控制算法、等同型匝道控制算法、竞争型匝道控制算法和一体化型匝道控制算法的原理及其优缺点进行总结、分析和对比;最后在总结现有匝道控制算法的基础上,对未来入口匝道控制的研究方向进行了分析与展望。

On- ramp control is one of the most effective measures to relieve traffic congestion on urban ireeway. In this paper the fundamental principal and the function of on - ramp control strategies of freeway are analyzed. Then, on - ramp control algorithms of freeway are classified to （a） isolated control and coordinated control according to control range, （b） dynamical control and static control according to the difference of real - time information response. The paper focuses on the most popular （ in terms of their application） and theoretically attractive （ according to their logic） algorithms from a recent comprehensive review of existing ramp metering approaches such as isolated control strategy, cooperative control method, competitive control technique and integral control technique. A review, analysis and comparison are performed for these algorithms＇ principal and their advantages and disadvantages. In the end, based on the generalization of current on - ramp algorithms the prospects of on - ramp control algorithms are put forward .