低温和镁胁迫对黄瓜生长及光合特性的影响

Effects of magnesium stress and temperature on the crowth and photosynthetic character of cucumber seedlings

为探讨镁对黄瓜的作用机理,利用人工气候箱,研究了不同温度下根际镁离子浓度对黄瓜幼苗生长和光合特性的影响。结果表明:低温下,镁胁迫明显抑制了黄瓜的生长;适温下,镁胁迫降低了黄瓜幼苗的茎粗、总叶片数、叶面积、地上部干重,增大了株高和根冠比,多镁有利于地下部分生长。不论温度高低,镁胁迫均增加了叶绿素a/b,缺镁胁迫比多镁胁迫增加幅度大。缺镁胁迫在2种温度下均降低了叶绿素a、b和类胡萝卜素的含量,而多镁胁迫在适温下增加了叶绿素a、b和类胡萝卜素的含量,低温下使其降低;2种温度下镁胁迫使黄瓜幼苗中下部叶片Pn、Gs下降,低温多镁使Pn降低幅度最大;对Ci、Tr、WUE和Ls的影响因温度和镁离子浓度不同而不同;缺镁胁迫下黄瓜幼苗光合作用的主要限制因素是非气孔因素,而多镁胁迫下主要限制因素是气孔因素。

The effects of magnesium stress on the growth and photosynthetic character of cucumber seedlings are studied at various temperatures using artificial climate box. This is done to investigate the functional mechanism of magnesium in cucumbers. The results show that at low temperature, magnesium stress evidently inhibits plant growth, while at suitable temperatures it decreases the plant diameter, total number of leaves, leaf area, and dry weight of the above-ground parts, and increases the plant height and root/shoot ratio. Excessive magnesium promotes below-ground cucumber growth. The value of chlorphyl A/chlorophyl B （Chla/Chlb） increases more under conditions of magnesium deficiency than under magnesium excess. The Chla, Chlb and Cxc content decreases when magnesium is deficient, increase when excessive magnesium exists at suitable temperatures, but decreases if excessive magnesium exists at low temperatures. Pn and Gs decrease under magnesium stress, and are at the lowest level when excessive magnesium exists at low temperatures. The effects of magnesium stress on Ci, WUE, Tr and Ls vary at different magnesium concentrations and temperatures. The main factor limiting photosynthesis of cucumber seedlings is non-stomata factor when magnesium is deficient, but is a stomata factor if there is excessive magnesium.