肾移植患者依从性现状调查及影响因素分析

Survey on current situation of adherence and its influencing factors in renal transplant recipients

目的探讨肾移植患者依从性现状及其影响因素,为护理人员更好地开展健康教育,提高肾移植患者依从性提供依据。方法采用自行设计肾移植患者依从性问卷对886例在上海市6家肾移植中心进行随访的肾移植患者进行依从性及其影响因素调查。结果患者用药依从性影响因素有文化程度、经济负担(P<0.01,P<0.05);生活习惯依从性影响因素有移植时间、年龄、肾移植类型、婚姻状态、家庭类型、付费方式和经济负担(P<0.01,P<0.05);自我监测依从性影响因素有移植时间和肾移植类型(P<0.01,P<0.05);随访依从性影响因素有付费方式和肾移植类型(P<0.01,P<0.05)。结论肾移植患者的依从性受各种因素影响,护理人员应根据依从性的影响因素针对性地进行健康教育,以提高患者的依从性。

Objective To explore the current state of compliance and its influencing factors in renal transplant recipients in order to provide a scientific basis for nurses to give renal transplant recipients proper health education so as to improve their compliance. Methods Eight hundred and eighty six follow-up kidney transplant recipients in 6 kidney transplant centers in Shanghai were surveyed by ＂ Kidney Transplant Recipients Compliance Questionnaire＂. Results The influencing factors of medication adherence were education level and financial condition （ P 〈 0. 01, P 〈 0.05 ）. The influencing factors of life habit adherence were survival time after transplantation, age, type of donor, marital status, family pattern, way of payment and financial condition（P 〈0. 01 ,P 〈0.05）. The influencing factors of self-monitoring adherence were time of survival after transplantation and type of donor（P 〈0. 01 ,P 〈0.05）. And the influencing factors of follow-up adherence were way of payment way and type of donor（P 〈 0.01 ,P 〈 0.05 ）. Conclusion Nurses should give corresponding health education to kidney transplant recipients according to their influencing factors