美国农地保护方法及其借鉴

Farmland Preservation Method in U.S. and Reference

研究目的:探讨美国农地保护方法及其对中国的借鉴。研究方法:逻辑分析,对比分析。研究结果:中国现行农地保护政策存在不足。美国农地保护的启示:(1)农地保护目标应包括保证粮食安全、农业产业发展、环境、城乡土地的合理利用,实现数量、质量、生态的综合保护;(2)发挥中央政府、地方政府、农地保护组织和农民的主体作用,促进农地的保护和保持;(3)完善法规调控体系,改革政府参与方式,减少土地套利,完善市场配套设施、引入市场激励机制,根据地区资源和经济发展情况实行差异化方法。研究结论:美国农地保护目标、管理体系及具体方法等对中国有借鉴作用。

The purpose of this paper is to probe into the farmland preservation method in U.S. and the reference to China. Methods employed include logical analysis and contrast analysis. The results indicate that China＇s existing farmland preservation policies have some flaws. The revelations of farmland preservation in U.S. include： （1） the objectives of farmland preservation should cover food security, agricultural industry security, environment amenity and reasonable rural and urban land use, and realize the comprehensive protection in amount, quality and ecology; （2） the central and local government, farmland preservation organizations, and farmers shall play the key roles to achieve farmland preservation and maintenance;（3） the adjustment and control system of the laws and regulations should be improved, and the participation method of the government should be reformed. The action of land arbitrage should be reduced, and the supporting facilities of the market should be perfected. The market inspiration mechanism should be introduced, and the discrepant management in accordance with the regional resources and economic development conditions should be carried out. It is concluded that the goal, administration system and datails of farmland preservation methods in U.S. can be used as references for China.