探寻东胡遗存——来自生物考古学的新线索

Exploring the Remains of Donghu:New Evidence from Biological Archeology

对内蒙古林西县井沟子遗址西区墓地出土的古代居民遗骸所进行的包括体质人类学、分子生物学和稳定同位素分析的生物考古学综合性研究表明,该组东周时期居民的人种类型为具有低颅、阔面、面部扁平度很大等西伯利亚蒙古人种性状,与已知的鲜卑人、契丹人、蒙古人的种族特征十分接近。其线粒体DNA的系统发育分析和多维度分析结果显示,该组古代人群在母系遗传上与现代北亚人群及古代拓跋鲜卑人有着比较近的亲缘关系。而食谱分析的结果则表明,井沟子古代居民在日常饮食结构中保持着较高比例的动物性食物摄入,暗示出饲养业和狩猎业在当时的经济生活中占据有重要的位置。

The biological archeology study of the remains of ancient residents unearthed from the Western Area of the Jinggouzi Cemetery in Linxi County of Inner Mongolia,which includes physical anthropology,molecular biology and stable isotope analysis,reveals that this group of residents living in the Eastern Zhou period had many ethnic traits of Siberian Mongoloids,such as low,flat,broad face.This racial feature is very similar to that of Xianbei people,Qidan people and Mongolians.Phylogenetic analysis and multidimensional scaling analysis of mitochondrial DNA show that these ancient residents have close kinship with modern northern Asians and ancient Tuoba Xianbei people in terms of maternal inheritance.Recipe Analysis shows that they maintained a relatively high proportion of animal food intake in their daily diet,indicating that farming industry and hunting occupied an important position in the economic life.