马克思现代新型政治哲学初步奠基——《黑格尔法哲学批判》新解读

An Initial Foundation of Modern New-type Political Philosophy of Marxism

马克思的政治哲学思想一直是国内外学界讨论的热点问题。一些西方自由主义者对马克思的政治思想持异议的态度,如波普尔、哈耶克就认为马克思是民主的敌人,他的社会主义理论意味着奴役和独裁,如果按照马克思的社会主义理论,就会导致集权和纳粹主义。马克思政治思想到底是专制,还是民主?马克思的社会主义理论是否会导致集权?本文探讨的《黑格尔法哲学批判》正是马克思早期政治思想发展进程中有代表性的文本。通过对《黑格尔法哲学批判》的历史辨认与重新解读,还以马克思政治思想原本的面貌。

Marx＇s thought of political philosophy has been a hotly debated issue in both domestic and international academic circles. Some western liberalists questioned Marx＇s political thought, such as Karl Popper and Friedrich August von Hayek. They regarded Marx as an enemy of democracy and held that Marx＇s socialism meant dictatorship and slavery, which would lead to totalitarianism and Nazism. Is Marxist political thought autocratic or democratic after all？ Can Marx＇s socialism lead to totalitarianism？ Through re-interpreting Criticism on Hegel＇s Legal Philosophy, a representative text of Marx＇s early political thought, this paper reveals Marxist political thought in its true colors.