钻井液组分及体系生物毒性测试方法研究

Bio-toxicity Determination of Drilling Fluid Components

针对发光杆菌测试钻井液处理剂及其体系急性毒性的试验方法的缺陷,参照国内外相关标准,利用发光杆菌的发光度与有毒物质质量浓度呈良好线性关系的原理,采用套管校正法进行了有效校正,对发光杆菌测试钻井液处理剂及其体系急性毒性的试验方法进行了改进。利用改进后的方法测试了常用钻井液处理剂及聚合醇钻井液体系、烷基糖苷钻井液体系、有机盐钻井液体系和无固相钻井液体系的生物毒性,结果表明,常用的钻井液处理剂大多数是无毒或微毒的,4种钻井液体系也是无(微)毒的,可用于海上钻井。

According to the standards in home and abroad, a modified method for determining the acute toxicity of drilling fluid agents based on the direct relationship between luminescence of photo-bacterium bacillus and the concentration of toxic matters in drilling fluids. Polyol drilling fluid, alkyl glucoside drill- ing fluid, organic salt drilling fluid, and clay free drilling fluid, and commonly used additives have been tested using this modified method. Test results show that most additives are non-toxic or micro-toxic as well as the four drilling fluid, which indicate that they might be used in offshore drilling.