黄河岸边一组古人类的体质特征与生存状况考察

An Investigation of the Body Feature and Living Condition of a Group of Ancient People at the Bank of the Yellow River

在黄河小浪底建设工程抢救性考古发掘中,黄河岸边成功出土的妯娌遗址被评为1996年度中国十大考古新发现之一。在对出土的一组古人骨的体质特征鉴定结果说明,在距今5000年左右,生存在中原地区的古人男性多于女性,人均寿命偏低,且多数人生前患有骨病,从而说明当时古人生存环境恶劣,为了生存,他们从事繁重的体力劳动,而食物却多以粗淀粉为主。同时,多数考察者认为,古人生活年代与史书记载的黄帝时代相当,已经进入父权制时代,并有了"夫妇匹配之合"的婚姻习俗,且常见有一妻多夫的婚姻形式存在。

In the course of a saving archaeological excavation in Xiaolangdi Project site, a sisters - in - law ruin successively excavated at the bank of the Yellow River is appraised as one of the 10 great new archaeological discovers in 1996. The identification of the body feature of a group of human bones shows that about 5000 years ago the amount of male people lived in Central Plains was more than those of female people and people＇ s average life was quite short, still, many people suffered from bone sickness, thus it could be shown that the conditions where ancient people lived were very poor, in order to live, they were engaged in heavy labor and what they lived on were mainly coarse food. Meanwhile, most investigators hold that the time when the ancient people lived was about the time of that of Emperor Huangdi recorded in history literature and had entered in the age of husband authority; meanwhile, there had been the marriage custom of ＇ a couple of husband and wife＇ and the form of ＇ one wife and many husbands＇.