肝素经静脉及肺两种途径给药的血药浓度比较

Observation of plasma concentration of heparin administered by veins and lungs

目的：为比较肝素经静脉和肺两种途径给药的血药浓度变化特点。方法：给慢性阻塞性肺病（ＣＯＰＤ）患者经静脉及射流雾化定时予肝素１００ｍｇ·ｄ－１，共７ｄ。首次给药后定时查肝素血药浓度。结果：发现肝素确可经肺途径入血，首次雾化后１．５ｈ血药浓度达高峰，以后迅速降低，第７天再度升高，停药３ｄ血中仍有低浓度肝素存在。静脉给药者血药浓度高峰亦出现于首次给药后１．５ｈ，但峰值明显高于经肺给药者（Ｐ＜０．０１），以后渐降低，２４ｈ已大部排泄。第７天血中虽可检出微量肝素，但明显低于经肺给药者（Ｐ＜０．０１）。结论：肝素静脉给药血中药物浓度高，维持时间短。而经肺给药可长时间、低水平的维持血中肝素浓度。

n order to make comparision of plasma concentration, heparin was administered by wasy of veins and lungs, 10 patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) were administered heparin by veins during 7 days (100 mg per day), all 11 patients with COPD inhalled jet aerosol heparin during 7 days (100 mg per day), the heparin concentration in plasma was determined on the time after heparin was given. The results showed that heparin could be absorbed into blood by ways of lungs, the peak value of plasma was occured in 1 1/2 hour when heparin was inhalled at first time, then the concentration fell rapidly until it arised again at day 7, but lower concentration was maintained for three days when heparin was administered by veins at first time also occured the peak value in 1 1/2 hour and it was significant higher than that of heparin given by lungs ( P < 0.01 ), then concentration fell rapidly, only minimum heparin was determined in day 3 and day 7, at that time, the concentration was significant lower than that of heparin given by lungs ( P < 0.05 , P < 0.01 ). It suggested that heparin shorter when it was higher, and its maintenance period was shorter when it was administered by veins.