国家级贫困县老年人护理需求及其影响因素分析

Analysis on the nursing needs and influencing factors of the elderly in penury countries

目的了解国家级贫困县老年人的护理需求及其影响因素，以期提高他们的生活质量，达到健康老龄化。方法在2个某国家级贫困县中随机抽取8个村的623名老年人，采用访谈法和自制的护理需求问卷，对其护理需求及其影响因素进行调查。结果本组老年人护理需求较高，得分情况为：疾病预防（3．40±0．56）分，健康促进（3．30±0．70）分，疾病护理（3．56±0．52）分；影响其护理需求的主要因素是否患病、文化程度、婚姻状况、性别、平均月收入。结论应针对贫困地区老年人护理需求较高的现状及其影响因素采取有效措施，从社会-家庭-个人等层面满足其护理需求。

Objective To explore the nursing needs of the elders in penury countries and the influencing factors in order to provide suggestions for the improvement of QOL of the elder, and to reach health aging. Methods A total of 623 elders were selected from 8 villages of two penury countries, and the two was by random sampling from five penury counties of Lvliang City. Their nursing needs and influencing factors were assessed by interview and questionnaires. Results The score of nursing needs in penury countries was at a high level, sickness prevention was （ 3.40 ±0.56 ）, health promotion was （ 3.30 ± 0.70 ）, nursing of disease was （3.56 ±0.52 ）. The main influencing factors were illness, educational background, marital status, sex and average income per month. Conclusions We should aim directly at their features and take effective measures from society-family-individual level to satisfy their nursing needs.