自然发育下男子膝关节屈伸肌群发展规律的等速肌力测试

Isokinetic muscle strength test of flexion and extension muscle of knee joints in natural development boys

目的:通过对9～20岁216名普通大、中、小学男生双侧膝关节进行等速测试,探讨青少年男子膝关节屈伸肌群随年龄增长的自然发育规律。方法:利用Kinitech等速测力系统对受试者双侧膝关节屈伸肌群进行等速测试,测试速度为60(°)/s,测试次数为屈伸6次。结果:青少年男子9～20岁膝关节屈伸肌的峰力矩随年龄增长均呈现出平稳的递增趋势,但伸肌各年龄段均大于屈肌,差异有显著性意义(P<0.05);屈伸肌最大功率随年龄的增长也呈递增趋势,在9～15岁间的增长较快,15岁后最大功率增长逐步放缓,伸肌最大功率各年龄段均大于膝关节屈肌,但差异都没有表现出显著性(P>0.05);屈伸肌力比F/E值随年龄的增长整体呈递减趋势,9～13岁波动较大,13～20岁下降趋势较为显著。结论:9～20岁男子膝关节屈伸肌群力量、爆发力均随年龄的增长而自然增长,但表现出随年龄增长屈伸肌力比F/E值呈递减的趋势,形成自然成长下屈伸肌群发展不协调的现象。

AIM： To study the development laws between isokinetic muscle strength and age increase via test flexion and extension muscle of knee joints in 216 ordinary juvenile boys aged from 9 to 20. METHODS： Kinitech isokinetic strength test was used to study the flexion and extension muscle of both sides＇ knee joints at the speed of 60 （°）/s. RESULTS： The peak torque of muscles increased with the increasing ages, especially in extension muscles, which is bigger than flexion muscles （P 〈 0.05）. The max power of muscles has the same tendency and increased faster.in 9-15 ages, after 15 ages, it increased slowly. The max power of extension muscles is greater than that of flexion, but there had no significant difference （P 〉 0.05）. The ratio of flexion and extension muscles （F/E） decreased with age increasing, which a larger fluctuation during aged 9-13, especially obvious had decreased in 13-20 ages. CONCLUSION： The muscle strength and power all increases with the increasing ages, while the F/E value decrease in 9-20 boys, which demonstrates the flexion and extension muscle developed out of balance.