从士人、武士和骑士的对比看中日欧文化差异

Differences among Chinese,Japanese and European Cultures Seen through a Comparative Study of Scholars,Warriors and Knights

中国古代的士人构成了王朝统治的中坚力量。骑士和武士则是欧洲和日本中世纪社会的重要倚仗力量。中国的士人最初是带有更多勇武精神内涵的,但逐渐发展为文气有余的官僚集团。社会精英阶层的价值取向往往影响民族精神,对比三者的利弊及其各自文明的道路可以借鉴后两者对培育昂扬向上、勇于迎接挑战的民族精神方面的可取之处,也使得通过差异对比继承和发展中华民族文化,培育奋发有为的中华民族精神。

Scholars in ancient China constituted the backbone of rule in feudal dynasties while knights and warriors were key powers upon which European nations and Japan relied during the Middle Ages. Chinese scholars, originally endowed with a valiant spirit, had come to develop into a gentle and quiet clique of bureaucracy. The value orientation of the social elite tends to affect the national ideology. By comparing the advantages and disadvantages of scholars, warriors and knights in their respective societies and their roads to civilization, we can draw on the experience of warriors and knights in cultivating the national mentality of being high-spirited and courageous enough to face up to challenges. Moreover, through a comparison of differences, we can carry forward and develop our Chinese culture and cultivate the promising and enterprising spirit of Chinese nation.