基于能量均衡策略的无线传感器网络LEACH协议改进

Improvement of LEACH in wireless sensor networks based on balanced energy strategy

分析了经典的分簇通信协议LEACH.针对LEACH中存在将能量较少的节点选为簇头,从而导致节点加快死亡、网络能量利用率降低的问题,通过改变簇头竞争参数的方法杜绝此现象的发生,均衡了网络中能量的消耗,提高了网络能量的利用率,延长了网络寿命.仿真实验结果表明:BCHSA与LEACH协议相比改进后的协议延长了28%的网络寿命,推迟了第一死亡节点出现时间的27%,并缩短了死亡过程的85.7%将更多的能量用于网络开始死亡之前,提高了能量利用率.

LEACH（low energy adaptive clustering hierarchy）, the conventional clustering communication protocol, is analyzed. A solution to the problem that the nodes with less energy become the cluster heads is proposed. In LEACH, because of the problem, the nodes consume their power quickly and the energy efficiency decreases. By the method of changing the competing factor, the improved protocol, BCHSA（balanced cluster head selection algorithm）, balances the consuming of network＇s energy and prolongs the network＇s lifetime. The simulation results indicate that compared with LEACH, the BCHSA＇s lifetime is longer by 28%, the first node＇s death time is delayed by 27% and the network＇s dying process is decelerated by 85.7%, which illustrates that the proposed solution makes a better utilization of energy before network is dead and enhances the energy efficiency.