引洮供水工程水资源开发利用探讨

Water esources Development and Utilization in the Tao River Water Diversion Project

引洮供水工程是以九甸峡水利枢纽为龙头,为改善甘肃省中部地区极度缺水现状而实施的跨流域调水工程。2010年和2020年水平年洮河下游总需水量分别为47.26×10~8m^3和47.74×10~8m^3,引洮需水量分别为2.14×10~8m^3和6.04×10~8m^3。在分析九甸峡梯级水库群特点的基础上,以尽可能满足引洮水量、洮河下游生产生活需水,以及下游生态用水为目标,建立了该系统的模拟调度模型,并确定了系统结构和调度原则。结合引洮工程实际情况,设定了三种方案,分别考虑2010年一期工程、2020年一期工程和2020年二期工程。通过长系列模拟计算,得出了各方案的水资源利用情况,模拟计算表明,不同水平年多年平均引洮水量和洮河下游经济社会、生态环境用水均可保证,但冲沙用水不能满足,三个方案缺水量分别为0.95×10~8m^3、0.98×10~8m^3和2.31×10~8m^3;典型年计算结果表明,只有在来水较丰时,才能同时满足洮河下游需水量和引洮水量的需求,典型枯水年和平水年分别缺水11.51×10~8m^3和3.13×10~8m^3。

The Tao River water diversion project is an inter-basin water transfer project, and the main goal is to solve the problem of water resource shortage in central Gansu Province. The JiuDianXia reservoir is the first station of the cascade reservoirs, and the others are LianLu, XiaCheng, HaiDianXia and SanJia stations. In 2010 and 2020, the total water demand of the Tao River lower reaches is 47.26×10^8m^3 and 47.74×10^8m^3 respectively, and water diversion demand from the Tao River is 2.14 ×10^8m^3 and 6.04 ×10^8m^3 respectively. We established a simulation operation model based on analysis of the characteristics of JiuDianXia cascade reservoirs, and the objective is to satisfy the diversion water and water demand of the Tao River＇ s lower reaches. The system structure and operation rules were then determined. Combining the practical situation of the Tao River water diversion project, three water resource utilization schemes were established, which considered respectively the first phase project in 2010, the first phase project in 2020, and the second phase project in 2020. The results were acquired by simulation computation, which indicate that water diverted from the Tao River and economic, social, and ecological water demands of the Tao River lower reaches can all be ensured, but sluicing sand water demand can not be satisfied. The water shortage of the three schemes are 0.95×10^8m^3, 0.98 ×10^8m^3 and 2.31 ×10^8m^3respectively. Cascade reservoir power generation are respectively 10×10^8kWh, 10.12×10^8 kWh and 9.98×10^8 kWh for the three schemes. Typical-year calculation results indicate that water diverted from the Tao River and each department＇ s water demand can all be ensured only in abundant water years, and the water shortage of a typical dry year and ordinary year are 11.51 ×10^8m^3and 3.13×10^8m^3 respectively, which means that other project and non project measures must be taken in order to satisfy these water demands.