模糊逻辑在土壤连续分类和制图表达中的应用及展望

APPLICATION OF FUZZY LOGIC TO SOIL CONTINUOUS CLASSIFICATION AND CARTOGRAPHIC REPRESENTATION OF SOILS AND ITS PROSPECT

土壤是复杂的历史自然综合体,在属性空间和地理空间上均是连续渐变的,因此基于"双清晰模型"的常规土壤调查制图理论基础明显存在不足,且随着精准农业的快速发展和环境模型模拟精度的提高,客观上对土壤调查输出信息的内容与精度提出了更高的要求。模糊逻辑应用于土壤分类和制图,是继地统计学之后土壤计量学领域又一创新性发展,为国外许多学者所推崇,但是国内在这一领域的研究还较少。因此,本文系统地介绍了模糊逻辑引入土壤分类研究中的必然性和科学意义,以及模糊逻辑在国内外土壤分类和连续制图领域的应用研究进展,并分析了基于模糊逻辑的土壤连续制图表达方法存在的不足及研究展望。

Soil is a complicated historical natural continuum, which gradually changes in both attributive and geographic spaces. Hence, the theoretical basis of the conventional soil survey and cartography, based on the ＂double crisp model＂ is obviously inadequate. With the rapid development of precision agriculture and the improvement of the accuracy of the environmental model, the demand for contents and accuracy of the output of soil surveys is objectively getting higher and higher. The application of fuzzy logic to soil classification and cartography is another innovative approach in pedometrology after the introduction of geo-statisties in soil classification and mapping. Though researches in this field have been reported in a number of countries, little has been done in China. In this paper, a systematic introduction is presented to the inevitability and scientific significance of the application of fuzzy logic to the study on soil continuous classification, and the advancement in the study on application of fuzzy logic to soil continuous classification and cartography at home and abroad. And, shortcomings of the fuzzy-logic-based continuous soil cartography and outlook of its research are analyzed.