柴油机起动电机低温起动特性优化匹配

Optimal Matching on Cold-Starting Characteristic of Starting Motor for Diesel Engine

基于柴油机低温起动条件,通过对影响起动电机低温起动的主要特性(起动功率、起动转矩和转速)进行优化分析,实现了起动电机和柴油机合理匹配;利用径向基神经网络(RBFNN)和遗传算法(GA)融合理论,预测出满足低温起动的起动电机合理的结构参数;在环境温度-25℃下,进行了柴油机低温起动试验,对电动机的起动电压、起动电流、起动转矩及起动转速等性能参数进行了测试。结果表明:进行柴油机低温起动时,优化后的起动电机最大起动功率为2.58 kW,比原机增加了18.3%;平均拖动转矩为105 N.m,比原机增加了7.1%;拖动柴油机的平均转速为225 r/min,比原机提高了16%;保证了低温工况柴油机快速、可靠地起动。

Based on the cold-starting condition of the diesel engine, the main cold-starting characteristics of starting motor, such as cranking power, cranking torque and cranking speed, were analyzed and optimized in order to determine the reasonable matching of starting motor and diesel engine. Optimal structural parameters of starting motor to satisfy the cold-starting characteristic were predicted by using the syncretic theory of genetic algorithm（GA） and RBFNN. The cold-starting test of the diesel engine was carried out at -25 ℃, and Several performance parameters, such as starting voltage, starting electric current, cranking torque and cranking speed of starting motor were measured. The test results indicate that the maximal cranking power, the average motoring torque and the average cranking speed of the optimized starting motor was 2.58kW, 105 N-m and 225 r/rain respectively, which was increased by 18.3 %, 7.1% and 16 % respectively in comparison to original starting motor, and which can ensure the diesel engine to be started fast and reliably at low temperature.