高功率脉冲微波辐射对大鼠脑结构及功能影响

Effects of high power pulsed microwave radiation on brain structure and fuction in rats

目的研究高功率脉冲微波辐射对大鼠垂体功能和海马神经元超微结构的影响及其意义。方法采用100,200mW/cm2强度辐照54只雄性Wistar大鼠,辐照后6,24和48h活杀大鼠取材。采用放免、电镜等方法,研究微波辐射对大鼠垂体、血浆前阿黑皮素原(POMC)衍生肽含量的影响和海马神经元结构损伤特点。结果高功率脉冲微波照射后6h,大鼠垂体β-内啡呔(β-Ep)含量显著降低(P<0.01),血浆β-Ep含量显著升高(P<0.05),血浆促肾上腺皮质激素(ACTH)含量显著升高(P<0.01)。海马超微结构观察,100mW/cm2辐射后48h组表现为核变形,胞浆空化,线粒体肿胀。200mW/cm2辐射后6h组,表现为核变形,核膜粗糙,线粒体空化;48h组表现为核膜破裂,染色质溶解,线粒体嵴缺失。结论高功率脉冲微波辐射可引起大鼠海马神经元超微结构损伤,下丘脑-垂体神经内分泌功能紊乱。热应激大鼠可通过影响下丘脑-垂体-肾上腺素轴的功能,提高对热应激刺激的耐受能力。

Objective To study the effect and significance of high power pulsed microwave radiation on pituitary function and ultramicrostructure of the hippocampus neurons in rats.Methods Fifty-four male Wistar rats were sacrificed at 6 h,24 h and 48 h after exposure to 100 mW/cm^2,200 mW/cm^2 microwave radiation.Immunohistochemistry and electron microscope were used to study POMC derived peptides in both pituitary and serum,and observe the structural injury characteristics of the hippocampus.Results The contents of β-Ep（P〈0.01） in pituitary decreased significantly,β-Ep（P〈0.05） and ACTH（P〈0.01） in serum increased markedly after radiation of 6 h.Neurons of hippocampus were with irregular nucleus and mild swelling of mitochodria in rats exposed to 100 mW/cm^2 microwave radiation of 48 h.Mild irregular nucleus,unsmoothed nuclear membrane,cavitation of mitochondria and irregular nucleus,chromatin condensation,loss of mitochondrial crista were observed after exposure to 200 mW/cm^2 microwave radiation of 6 h and 48 h,respectively.Conclusion High power pulsed microwave radiation can damage the neurons of hippocampus in rats at ultramicrostructural levels and induce hypothalamus and pituitary nerve internal secretion disorder.Heat stress may affect hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenaline axis fuction and increase the tolerance to heat stress in rats.